Execution measured in nanoseconds, microseconds, not milliseconds.

† About these benchmark figures: The Industry Average (6–50 μs) and Legacy Systems (>100 μs) figures are indicative estimates based on practitioner-reported latency ranges and publicly available co-location documentation for Indian capital markets. The 6–50 μs range reflects a representative order-entry-to-acknowledgement latency for algorithmically-oriented institutional participants using exchange co-location — consistent with BSE and NSE co-location service materials. The >100 μs figure reflects the approximate order-of-magnitude latency associated with traditional broker front-end systems that traverse standard internet or leased-line connections to the exchange. These are approximate industry estimates, not independently audited benchmarks. Actual latency varies materially by system architecture, network path, hardware, and prevailing market conditions. Reindata Research's <1 μs figure refers to BSE: combined Market Data + Order Management latency is under 1 μs, measured live at BSE co-location. On NSE, combined MD + OMS latency is currently under 3 μs, with work under way to bring it below 1 μs. See the exchange-level breakdown below. Bar widths are illustrative on a logarithmic scale.